Biblical Word Etymology
The Etymology of “Communion”
The biblical word “Communion” traces back to Latin (communio), where it meant “A sharing together, fellowship, participation in common; fellowship of believers”. Across 3eras it evolved into the modern sense: “The sacrament of sharing consecrated bread and wine; intimate fellowship or sharing of common interests”.
How the Meaning Evolved
Ancient Latin
LatincommunioA sharing together, fellowship, participation in common; fellowship of believers
From communis (common). Paul uses koinōnia (κοινωνία, communion) in 1 Corinthians 10:16 to describe participation in the body and blood of Christ through the Eucharist.
Medieval Latin / Church
LatincommunioThe sacrament of the Eucharist; the sharing of the consecrated elements; fellowship with Christ and the Church
Medieval doctrine developed the theology of communion as both a sharing in Christ's body and blood and as the bond of fellowship among believers in the mystical body of Christ.
Modern English
EnglishcommunionThe sacrament of sharing consecrated bread and wine; intimate fellowship or sharing of common interests
Via Old French from Latin. In Christian usage, refers specifically to the Eucharist; in broader use, means shared fellowship or communication.