Biblical Word Etymology
The Etymology of “Seal”
The biblical word “Seal” traces back to Hebrew / Greek (chotam (Hebrew), sphragis (Greek)), where it meant “A mark, sign, or impression made by pressing; to mark as property or authenticate”. Across 3eras it evolved into the modern sense: “A device or mark for authentication; to close or fasten permanently”.
How the Meaning Evolved
Ancient Hebrew/Greek
Hebrew / Greekchotam (Hebrew), sphragis (Greek)A mark, sign, or impression made by pressing; to mark as property or authenticate
Hebrew chotam (H2368) means signet ring or seal; appears in Genesis 38:18. Greek sphragis (σφραγίς) denotes both the physical seal and the act of sealing; used in Revelation 7:3-4 for marking God's servants.
Medieval Latin / Church
LatinsigillumThe Seal of Christ or Holy Spirit marking believers; papal seals of authentication
Latin sigillum (from signum, sign) became the term for ecclesiastical seals. In sacramental theology, sealing by the Holy Spirit became doctrine (paralleling Greek sphragis in Ephesians 1:13).
Modern English
EnglishsealA device or mark for authentication; to close or fasten permanently
From Old French seel. Retains both noun (authenticating mark) and verb (to authenticate or fasten) meanings. Extended to emotional sealing (sealed my fate, sealed with a kiss).